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閲嶅簡(jiǎn)浜戜含鐢?shù)瀛愬伐绋嬫湁闄愬叕鍙?/span>
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- 鍘傚潃錛氶噸搴?jiǎn)甯?jìng)涔?jié)榫欏潯鍖虹熛xˉ閾烘嘲鍏寸鎶�騫垮満1妤?16-118
闊沖搷鐨勬妧鏈寚鏍?/h1>
鏉ユ簮錛?script>document.write(''+ window.location.href + '');
鍙戝竷鏃墮棿錛?019-07-12
闊沖搷緋葷粺鏁翠綋鎶�鏈寚鏍囨�ц兘鐨勪紭鍔ｏ紝鍙栧喅浜庢瘡涓�涓崟鍏冭嚜韜�ц兘鐨勫ソ鍧忥紝濡傛灉緋葷粺涓殑姣忎竴涓崟鍏冪殑鎶�鏈寚鏍囬兘杈冮珮錛岄偅涔堢郴緇熸暣浣撶殑鎶�鏈寚鏍囧垯寰堝ソ銆傚叾鎶�鏈寚鏍囦富瑕佹湁鍏」錛氶鐜囧搷搴斻�佷俊鍣瘮銆佸姩鎬佽寖鍥淬�佸け鐪熷害銆佺灛鎬佸搷搴斻�佺珛浣撳０鍒嗙搴︺�佺珛浣撳０騫寵 搴︺�?[1]
棰戠巼鍝嶅簲
鎵�璋撻鐜囧搷搴旀槸鎸囬煶鍝嶈澶囬噸鏀炬椂鐨勯鐜囪寖鍥翠互鍙?qiáng)澹版尝鐨勻q呭害闅忛鐜囩殑鍙樺寲鍏崇郴銆備竴鑸嫻嬫欏規(guī)寚鏍囦互1000Hz鐨勯鐜囧箙搴︿負(fù)鍙傝�冿紝騫剁敤瀵規(guī)暟浠ュ垎璐?dB)涓哄崟浣嶈〃紺洪鐜囩殑騫呭害銆傞煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑鎬諱綋棰戠巼鍝嶅簲鐞嗚涓婅姹備負(fù)20~20000Hz銆傚湪瀹為檯浣跨敤涓敱浜庣數(shù)璺粨鏋勩�佸厓浠剁殑璐ㄩ噺絳夊師鍥狅紝寰�寰�涓嶈兘澶熻揪鍒拌瑕佹眰錛屼絾涓�鑸嚦灝戣杈懼埌32~18000Hz銆?/span>
淇″櫔姣?/span>
淇″櫔姣旀槸鎸囬煶鍝嶇郴緇熷闊蟲簮杞歡鐨勯噸鏀懼０涓庢暣涓郴緇熶駭鐢熺殑鏂扮殑鍣０鐨勬瘮鍊鹼紝鍏跺櫔澹頒富瑕佹湁鐑櫔澹般�佷氦嫻佸櫔澹般�佹満姊板櫔澹扮瓑絳夈�備竴鑸嫻嬫欏規(guī)寚鏍囦互閲嶆斁淇″彿鐨勯瀹氳緭鍑哄姛鐜囦笌鏃犱俊鍙瘋緭鍏ユ椂緋葷粺鍣０杈撳嚭鍔熺巼鐨勫鏁版瘮鍊煎垎璐?dB)鏉ヨ〃紺恒�備竴鑸煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑淇″櫔姣旈渶鍦?5dB浠ヤ笂銆?/span>
鍔ㄦ�佽寖鍥?/span>
鍔ㄦ�佽寖鍥存槸鎸囬煶鍝嶇郴緇熼噸鏀炬椂澶т笉澶辯湡杈撳嚭鍔熺巼涓庨潤(rùn)鎬佹椂緋葷粺鍣０杈撳嚭鍔熺巼涔嬫瘮鐨勫鏁板�鹼紝鍗曚綅涓哄垎璐?dB)銆備竴鑸�ц兘杈冨ソ鐨勯煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑鍔ㄦ�佽寖鍥村湪100(dB)浠ヤ笂銆?/span>
澶辯湡
澶辯湡鏄寚闊沖搷緋葷粺瀵歸煶婧愪俊鍙瘋繘琛岄噸鏀懼悗錛屼嬌鍘熼煶婧愪俊鍙風(fēng)殑鏌愪簺閮ㄥ垎錛堟嘗褰€�侀鐜囩瓑絳夛級(jí)鍙戠敓浜?jiǎn)鍙樺寲銆傞煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑澶辯湡涓昏鏈変互涓嬪嚑縐嶏細(xì)
a錛庤皭娉㈠け鐪燂細(xì)鎵�璋撹皭娉㈠け鐪熸槸鎸囬煶鍝嶇郴緇熼噸鏀懼悗鐨勫０闊蟲瘮鍘熸湁淇″彿婧愬鍑?guó)櫘稿棰濆鐨勮皭鎳L鎴愬垎銆傛棰濆鐨勮皭娉㈡垚鍒嗕俊鍙鋒槸淇″彿婧愰鐜囩殑鍊嶉鎴栧垎棰戯紝瀹冩槸鐢辮礋鍙嶉緗戠粶鎴栨斁澶у櫒鐨勯潪綰挎�х壒鎬у紩璧風(fēng)殑銆傞珮淇濈湡闊沖搷緋葷粺鐨勮皭娉㈠け鐪熷簲灝忎簬1%銆?/span>
b錛庝簰璋冨け鐪燂細(xì)浜掕皟澶辯湡涔熸槸涓�縐嶉潪綰挎�уけ鐪燂紝瀹冩槸涓や釜浠ヤ笂鐨勯鐜囧垎閲忔寜涓�瀹氭瘮渚嬫販鍚堬紝鍚勪釜棰戠巼淇″彿涔嬮棿浜掔浉璋冨埗錛岄�氳繃鏀鵑煶璁懼鍚庝駭鐢熸柊澧炲姞鐨勯潪綰挎�т俊鍙鳳紝璇ヤ俊鍙峰寘鎷悇涓俊鍙蜂箣闂寸殑鍜屽強(qiáng)宸殑淇″彿銆?/span>
c錛庣灛鎬佸け鐪燂細(xì)鐬�佸け鐪熷張縐扮灛鎬佸搷搴旓紝瀹冪殑浜х敓涓昏鏄綋杈冨ぇ鐨勭灛鎬佷俊鍙風(fēng)獊鐒跺姞鍒版斁澶у櫒鏃剁敱浜庢斁澶у櫒鐨勫弽鏄犺緝鎱紝浠庤�屼嬌淇″彿浜х敓澶辯湡銆備竴鑸互杈撳叆鏂規(guī)嘗淇″彿閫氳繃鏀鵑煶璁懼鍚庯紝瑙傚療鏀懼ぇ鍣ㄨ緭鍑轟俊鍙風(fēng)殑鍖呯粶娉㈠艦鏄惁杈撳叆鐨勬柟娉㈡嘗褰㈢浉浼兼潵琛ㄨ揪鏀懼ぇ鍣ㄥ鐬�佷俊鍙風(fēng)殑璺熼殢鑳藉姏銆?/span>
绔嬩綋澹板垎紱誨害
绔嬩綋澹板垎紱誨害琛ㄧず绔嬩綋澹伴煶鍝嶇郴緇熶腑宸︺�佸彸涓や釜澹伴亾涔嬮棿鐨勯殧紱誨害錛屽畠瀹為檯涓婂弽鏄犱簡(jiǎn)宸︺�佸彸涓や釜澹伴亾鐩鎬簰涓叉壈鐨勭▼搴︺�傚鏋滀袱涓０閬撲箣闂翠覆鎵拌緝澶э紝閭ｄ箞閲嶆斁澹伴煶鐨勭珛浣撴劅灝嗗噺寮便�?/span>
绔嬩綋澹板鉤琛″害
绔嬩綋澹板鉤琛″害琛ㄧず绔嬩綋鏀鵑煶緋葷粺涓乏銆佸彸澹伴亾澧炵泭鐨勫樊鍒紝濡傛灉涓嶅鉤琛″害榪囧ぇ錛岄噸鏀劇殑绔嬩綋澹扮殑澹板儚瀹氫綅灝嗕駭鐢熷亸縐匯�備竴鑸珮鍝佽川闊沖搷緋葷粺鐨勭珛浣撳０騫寵 搴﹀簲灝忎簬1dB銆?/span>
dB鐨勫惈涔?/span>
鍗曚綅dB鏄竴涓湪鐢?shù)瀛愭枤w潰浣跨敤寰楅潪甯稿箍娉涚殑錛屽畠鏄祴閲忓拰姣旇緝涓�涓郴緇熺殑鍔熺巼錛岀數(shù)鍘嬪拰鐢墊祦澶у皬鐨勭浉瀵瑰崟浣嶃�傚悗鏉ョ敱浜庣鎶�鐨勮繘姝ワ紝璁よ瘑鍒頒漢綾誨澹伴煶鐨勫搷搴旀槸鎸夊鏁拌寰嬪彉鍖栫殑錛屼簬鏄湁浜?jiǎn)涓�涓崟浣嶅氨鏄礉灝?Bel)鏄數(shù)璇濈殑鍙戞槑浜虹殑鍚嶅瓧銆傚叾琛ㄨ揪寮忔槸錛欱el=lg(P/Po)P鏄嫻嬮噺鐨勫姛鐜嘝o鏄弬鑰冨姛鐜囷細(xì)Bel琛ㄧず浠?0涓哄簳鐨勫鏁般�傚疄闄呬腑鍙戠幇Bel澶ぇ浜?jiǎn)锛屼簬鏄彇鍏跺崄鍒嗕竴浣滀負(fù)涓�涓柊鍗曚綅錛屽氨鏄垎璐?dB)灝咮el闄や互10灝辨槸dB琛ㄨ揪寮忔槸錛歞B=10lg(P/Po)錛宒B=20lg(E/Eo)錛宒B=20lg(I/Io)銆?/span>
鐩稿叧鏍囩錛?/div>
鐩稿叧鏂伴椈
鐩稿叧浜у搧
闊沖搷緋葷粺鏁翠綋鎶�鏈寚鏍囨�ц兘鐨勪紭鍔ｏ紝鍙栧喅浜庢瘡涓�涓崟鍏冭嚜韜�ц兘鐨勫ソ鍧忥紝濡傛灉緋葷粺涓殑姣忎竴涓崟鍏冪殑鎶�鏈寚鏍囬兘杈冮珮錛岄偅涔堢郴緇熸暣浣撶殑鎶�鏈寚鏍囧垯寰堝ソ銆傚叾鎶�鏈寚鏍囦富瑕佹湁鍏」錛氶鐜囧搷搴斻�佷俊鍣瘮銆佸姩鎬佽寖鍥淬�佸け鐪熷害銆佺灛鎬佸搷搴斻�佺珛浣撳０鍒嗙搴︺�佺珛浣撳０騫寵 搴︺�?[1]
棰戠巼鍝嶅簲
鎵�璋撻鐜囧搷搴旀槸鎸囬煶鍝嶈澶囬噸鏀炬椂鐨勯鐜囪寖鍥翠互鍙?qiáng)澹版尝鐨勻q呭害闅忛鐜囩殑鍙樺寲鍏崇郴銆備竴鑸嫻嬫欏規(guī)寚鏍囦互1000Hz鐨勯鐜囧箙搴︿負(fù)鍙傝�冿紝騫剁敤瀵規(guī)暟浠ュ垎璐?dB)涓哄崟浣嶈〃紺洪鐜囩殑騫呭害銆傞煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑鎬諱綋棰戠巼鍝嶅簲鐞嗚涓婅姹備負(fù)20~20000Hz銆傚湪瀹為檯浣跨敤涓敱浜庣數(shù)璺粨鏋勩�佸厓浠剁殑璐ㄩ噺絳夊師鍥狅紝寰�寰�涓嶈兘澶熻揪鍒拌瑕佹眰錛屼絾涓�鑸嚦灝戣杈懼埌32~18000Hz銆?/span>
淇″櫔姣?/span>
淇″櫔姣旀槸鎸囬煶鍝嶇郴緇熷闊蟲簮杞歡鐨勯噸鏀懼０涓庢暣涓郴緇熶駭鐢熺殑鏂扮殑鍣０鐨勬瘮鍊鹼紝鍏跺櫔澹頒富瑕佹湁鐑櫔澹般�佷氦嫻佸櫔澹般�佹満姊板櫔澹扮瓑絳夈�備竴鑸嫻嬫欏規(guī)寚鏍囦互閲嶆斁淇″彿鐨勯瀹氳緭鍑哄姛鐜囦笌鏃犱俊鍙瘋緭鍏ユ椂緋葷粺鍣０杈撳嚭鍔熺巼鐨勫鏁版瘮鍊煎垎璐?dB)鏉ヨ〃紺恒�備竴鑸煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑淇″櫔姣旈渶鍦?5dB浠ヤ笂銆?/span>
鍔ㄦ�佽寖鍥?/span>
鍔ㄦ�佽寖鍥存槸鎸囬煶鍝嶇郴緇熼噸鏀炬椂澶т笉澶辯湡杈撳嚭鍔熺巼涓庨潤(rùn)鎬佹椂緋葷粺鍣０杈撳嚭鍔熺巼涔嬫瘮鐨勫鏁板�鹼紝鍗曚綅涓哄垎璐?dB)銆備竴鑸�ц兘杈冨ソ鐨勯煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑鍔ㄦ�佽寖鍥村湪100(dB)浠ヤ笂銆?/span>
澶辯湡
澶辯湡鏄寚闊沖搷緋葷粺瀵歸煶婧愪俊鍙瘋繘琛岄噸鏀懼悗錛屼嬌鍘熼煶婧愪俊鍙風(fēng)殑鏌愪簺閮ㄥ垎錛堟嘗褰€�侀鐜囩瓑絳夛級(jí)鍙戠敓浜?jiǎn)鍙樺寲銆傞煶鍝嶇郴緇熺殑澶辯湡涓昏鏈変互涓嬪嚑縐嶏細(xì)
a錛庤皭娉㈠け鐪燂細(xì)鎵�璋撹皭娉㈠け鐪熸槸鎸囬煶鍝嶇郴緇熼噸鏀懼悗鐨勫０闊蟲瘮鍘熸湁淇″彿婧愬鍑?guó)櫘稿棰濆鐨勮皭鎳L鎴愬垎銆傛棰濆鐨勮皭娉㈡垚鍒嗕俊鍙鋒槸淇″彿婧愰鐜囩殑鍊嶉鎴栧垎棰戯紝瀹冩槸鐢辮礋鍙嶉緗戠粶鎴栨斁澶у櫒鐨勯潪綰挎�х壒鎬у紩璧風(fēng)殑銆傞珮淇濈湡闊沖搷緋葷粺鐨勮皭娉㈠け鐪熷簲灝忎簬1%銆?/span>
b錛庝簰璋冨け鐪燂細(xì)浜掕皟澶辯湡涔熸槸涓�縐嶉潪綰挎�уけ鐪燂紝瀹冩槸涓や釜浠ヤ笂鐨勯鐜囧垎閲忔寜涓�瀹氭瘮渚嬫販鍚堬紝鍚勪釜棰戠巼淇″彿涔嬮棿浜掔浉璋冨埗錛岄�氳繃鏀鵑煶璁懼鍚庝駭鐢熸柊澧炲姞鐨勯潪綰挎�т俊鍙鳳紝璇ヤ俊鍙峰寘鎷悇涓俊鍙蜂箣闂寸殑鍜屽強(qiáng)宸殑淇″彿銆?/span>
c錛庣灛鎬佸け鐪燂細(xì)鐬�佸け鐪熷張縐扮灛鎬佸搷搴旓紝瀹冪殑浜х敓涓昏鏄綋杈冨ぇ鐨勭灛鎬佷俊鍙風(fēng)獊鐒跺姞鍒版斁澶у櫒鏃剁敱浜庢斁澶у櫒鐨勫弽鏄犺緝鎱紝浠庤�屼嬌淇″彿浜х敓澶辯湡銆備竴鑸互杈撳叆鏂規(guī)嘗淇″彿閫氳繃鏀鵑煶璁懼鍚庯紝瑙傚療鏀懼ぇ鍣ㄨ緭鍑轟俊鍙風(fēng)殑鍖呯粶娉㈠艦鏄惁杈撳叆鐨勬柟娉㈡嘗褰㈢浉浼兼潵琛ㄨ揪鏀懼ぇ鍣ㄥ鐬�佷俊鍙風(fēng)殑璺熼殢鑳藉姏銆?/span>
绔嬩綋澹板垎紱誨害
绔嬩綋澹板垎紱誨害琛ㄧず绔嬩綋澹伴煶鍝嶇郴緇熶腑宸︺�佸彸涓や釜澹伴亾涔嬮棿鐨勯殧紱誨害錛屽畠瀹為檯涓婂弽鏄犱簡(jiǎn)宸︺�佸彸涓や釜澹伴亾鐩鎬簰涓叉壈鐨勭▼搴︺�傚鏋滀袱涓０閬撲箣闂翠覆鎵拌緝澶э紝閭ｄ箞閲嶆斁澹伴煶鐨勭珛浣撴劅灝嗗噺寮便�?/span>
绔嬩綋澹板鉤琛″害
绔嬩綋澹板鉤琛″害琛ㄧず绔嬩綋鏀鵑煶緋葷粺涓乏銆佸彸澹伴亾澧炵泭鐨勫樊鍒紝濡傛灉涓嶅鉤琛″害榪囧ぇ錛岄噸鏀劇殑绔嬩綋澹扮殑澹板儚瀹氫綅灝嗕駭鐢熷亸縐匯�備竴鑸珮鍝佽川闊沖搷緋葷粺鐨勭珛浣撳０騫寵 搴﹀簲灝忎簬1dB銆?/span>
dB鐨勫惈涔?/span>
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